Dora Richter, the first person to undergo gender reassignment surgery, survived the Nazi era and died as an old woman.

Dora Richter, the first ever trans woman to undergo gender reassignment surgery, was usually thought to have died during the Nazis burning of the Institute for Sexual Research. However, new evidence points to Richter having successfully escaped the Nazis, and living a long life, until 1966, where she died at age 74.